South Africa’s former President Jacob Zuma has been suspended from the party he once led, after refusing to vote for it and launching a rival organisation.
The governing African National Congress (ANC) announced its decision on Monday.
Zuma’s nine years as president, from 2009, were dogged by scandal.
An official inquiry said the former president placed the interests of corrupt associates ahead of those of his country.
He also faces corruption charges over a 1999 arms deal. He denies wrongdoing in all cases.